VIRGINIA

Absalom Ailstock, was a ninety-four-year-old "colored freeman" who applied for increased payments to his pension while resident in Rockbridge County on 29 September 1849 [Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, 1:34-35].

 

Emmanuel Alvis was a soldier serving in the Revolution on 15 June 1778 and 21 June 1779 when the York County court allowed his wife Mildred Alvis pay for her subsistence [Orders 1774-84, 163, 219].

 

Isaac Anderson was called "Son of free Peg" on 20 March 1755 when the Norfolk County Court ordered the churchwardens of Elizabeth River Parish to bind him to Richard Lewelling [Orders 1753-5, 122]. On 26 April 1782 the Princess Anne County Court paid him 12 shillings for fodder he had provided to the Revolution [Minutes 1773-82, 546]. He married Hester Jordan, 11 December 1781 Princess Anne County bond, Marshall Anderson surety.

 

Nathaniel Anderson was a "free negro" ordered bound by the churchwardens of Elizabeth River Parish to John Dennis in Norfolk County on 16 January 1755 [Orders 1753-5, 105]. He was a "free Negro" head of a household of 3 "Black" persons in Blackwater Precinct, Princess Anne County, in 1783 [VA:60]. He served as a seaman in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 29].

 

Dempsey Anderson was paid one pound by the Princess Anne County Court on 26 April 1782 for corn he had provided to the Revolution [Minutes 1773-82, 546]. He was a "free Negro" head of a household of 6 "Black" persons in Blackwater Precinct, Princess Anne County, in 1783 [VA:60], a "free Negro" taxable on himself and "Negro Jack" (a slave) in 1784 [Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly 27:267].

 

Adam Armstrong was a Revolutionary War soldier from Henrico County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 29].

 

Burwell Artis was a free man of color from Southampton County who was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Court House [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 147; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 29].

 

James Ash was a "Mulatto" head of a Nansemond County household in Buxton's list for 1784 [VA:74]. In 1784 he was called James Ash of Isle of Wight County when he petitioned the Virginia Legislature for payment due him for eighteen months service as a Continental soldier in one of the Isle of Wight County divisions [Virginia State Library Legislative Petitions, 23 November 1784].

 

John Ashby, a "free Mulatto," died before 21 October 1776 when the York County court ordered the churchwardens of Bruton Parish to bind out his unnamed orphans and also (his son) Matt Ashby. On 15 June 1778 the court allowed (his widow) Sally Ashby, "wife of ___ Ashby" 12 pounds for the subsistence allowed wives, children and aged parents of poor soldiers serving in the Revolution. She was called the mother of a soldier when she received an allowance on 21 June 1779 and 17 July 1780 [Orders 1774-84, 127, 163, 219, 273].

Humphrey Baine was a soldier from Henrico County who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 29].

 

John Banks enlisted in Goochland County about 1779, served for two years, and was discharged at the barracks in Albemarle County. On 22 May 1822 when he applied for a pension, his family consisted of his wife Sally, his thirteen-year-old niece Mary Banks and his twelve-year-old nephew John Brown. He died before 19 August 1845 when his wife applied for and was granted a widow's pension. She stated that she was born about 1756 and that they were married about the spring of 1772 by Parson McLaerin in the Episcopal Church of Cumberland County, Virginia. On 6 February 1846 Walter D. Leake of Henrico County testified that Sally had a daughter living who was at least seventy years old [National Archives Pension File W.5763; Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, IV:51].

 

Jacob Banks was living in Goochland County on 17 September 1832 when he made a declaration to obtain a pension for his Revolutionary War services. He was a "free man of Color" who served eighteen months as a wagoner [Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, IV:51].

 

Charles Barnett was a "mulatto" who enlisted in Charlottesville in the 7th Virginia Regiment. Sharod Going testified that he was with him at Chesterfield Courthouse. In 1800 he moved to Carter County, Tennessee, then to Georgia, and to Granville County, North Carolina, about 1808 [Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, IV:87]. He obtained a certificate of freedom in Albemarle County on 2 August 1796: a Dark mullatto man aged about thirty years, of a yellow complexion, five feet seven and three quarter inches high, having proved to the satisfaction of this Court that he was born a free man within this County [Orders 1795-8, 137].

 

James Bass of Norfolk County moved to Bedford County, Tennessee about 1819 and received a pension for his services as a private in the Virginia Militia [National Archives file S1745].

 

Shadrack Battles was "a man of colour" who was about seventy-four years old on 11 October 1820 when he appeared in Albemarle County court to apply for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He testified that he enlisted while resident in Amherst County in 1777 and served for three years. He was a carpenter but was no longer able to support himself and his sixty-year-old wife. He owned 200 acres on the Hardware River in Amherst County which he sold in 1775 [M805-63, frames 183-9].

 

Solomon Beckett, a "Mulatto" taxable in Northampton County from 1782 to 1789 [PPTL, 1782-1823, frames 3, 73, 94], served in the Revolution from Northampton County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 147].

 

James Berry was one of the members of Captain Joseph Spencer's 7th Virginia Regiment who did not return from furlough in Gloucester Town. Spencer advertised a reward for their return in the 8 August 1777 issue of the Virginia Gazette, describing James as "a mulatto fellow, about 30 years old, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high; enlisted in Fredericksburg but served his time with Mr. Thomas Bell of Orange County" [Virginia Gazette, Purdie edition, p.4, col. 3].

 

Sylvester Beverly was a Revolutionary War soldier from Franklin County, Virginia, who enlisted in 1776 and served until the end of the War. He was eighty years old in 1822 when he petitioned the Legislature for a state pension [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 30].

 

Humphrey Bine was a soldier from Henrico County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 29].

 

Jacob Boon was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Isle of Wight County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 147].

 

Stephen Bowles served in the Revolution from Albemarle County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 31].

 

Zachariah Bowles, head of an Albemarle County household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [VA:185], was sixty-five years old on 30 March 1819 when he appeared in Henrico County court to apply for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted on 19 January 1777 in Hanover County. He was a rough carpenter with a large family, 45 acres of very poor land, a work horse, cow and a few hogs and household furniture. His wife was fifty years old and they had three unnamed sons residing with them: twenty-four years old, twenty-two years old, and seventeen years old. He was placed on the Virginia Roll on 26 February 1819 [M850-109, frames 460-3].

 

James Bowman was a soldier in the Virginia Line who died before 6 October 1783 when an affidavit by Betty Morris, a "free Mulatto woman," that William Bowman was his brother and only surviving heir was certified by the Henrico County court [Orders 1781-4, 439].

 

James Bowser was a "free Mulatto" taxable in Isle of Wight County from 1782 to 1798 [PPTL 1782-1810, frames 4, 61, 89, 135, 181, 241, 331, 346, 418, 428, 491]. He was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Charles City County who was living in Nansemond County when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148]. He made a nuncupative Isle of Wight County will on 5 September 1800 leaving his whole estate to his wife Bridget Bowzer [WB 11:284]. Bridget was a "F.N." taxable in Isle of Wight County from 1801 to 1813 [PPTL 1782-1810, frames 523, 577, 595, 652, 673, 715, 791]. Nathaniel and Thomas Bowser testified on 17 October 1833 that Nathaniel Bowser, Thomas Bowser, and Betsy Bowser, Moses Ash, Caroline Ash, Lydia Ash, Thomas Ash, and Curtis Ash were the only heirs of James Bowser who had served in the Revolution in 1782. In 1835 they received bounty land scrip for his service [M804-306, frame 0123].

 

Augustine Boyd was among a group of Revolutionary seamen who deserted and for whom a reward was offered in the 11 September 1779 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 31]. He was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 7 "other free" in 1810 [VA:973].

 

Thomas Brandon/ Brandom, head of a Mecklenburg County household of 6 "free colored" in 1820, was living in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, on 15 June 1833 when he applied for a pension for his services in the Revolution, stating that he was born in Hanover County and was about eighty-seven years old. On 19 October 1840 his widow Margaret Walden Brandom made a deposition in order to obtain a survivor's pension for his services. She testified that they were married on 3 January 1771 and he died 17 December 1834. Her application included a copy of a book containing the family register which was provided by William J.B. Bedford of the Charlotte County courthouse [Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, 9:74-75].

 

Abraham Brown was head of a Charles City County household of 10 "other free" and 3 slaves in 1810 [VA:957] and 9 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:3]. He was a man of color from Charles City County who served in the Revolution [Charles City County Historical Society Newsletter 6:10-14 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148].

 

Edward Brown, head of a Charles City County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [VA:957], was a man of color from Charles City County who served in the Revolution [Charles City County historical Society Newsletter 6:10-14 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148].

 

Freeman Brown, head of a Charles City County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:959], was a man of color from Charles City County who served in the Revolution [Charles City County historical Society Newsletter 6:10-14 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148].

 

George Brumagam, a taxable in Frederick County, Virginia, in 1787, enlisted as a soldier in the Revolution from Virginia: George Brumma, yellow complexioned, born in Australia [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148].

 

Francis Bunday, a "Free Negro" head of a Culpeper County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:7], was a sixty-year-old resident of Culpeper County on 21 April 1818 when he applied for a pension for his services in the Revolution. According to his deposition of 17 October 1820 he was a sixty-seven or sixty-eight-year-old painter whose only family was a boy of about twelve or thirteen years [M805-139, frames 554-7].

 

William Bunday, a "Free Mulatto" head of a Culpeper County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 (called William Bunda) [VA:8], was a Revolutionary soldier who lived in Culpeper County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32].

 

Jack Butlers was a "mulatto" who was listed among seven deserters, drafted out of Prince George County, Virginia, for whom a reward was offered in the 28 November 1777 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Purdie edition, p.3, col. 3], perhaps the "Buttlers Jack" who was head of a Martin County, North Carolina household of 2 "other free" in 1790 [NC:68].

 

William Cannady was presented for not listing his wife as a tithable in York County on 21 November 1765. He was a soldier in the Revolution on 17 August 1778 and 21 June 1779 when the York County court allowed his wife Frances Kennedy a subsistence payment [Judgments & Orders 1763-5, 90, 126; Orders 1774-84, 170, 219].

 

James Carter, a six-year-old "negro" bound to Thomas Pettit in Northampton County, Virginia, on 14 August 1765 and bound to Anne Pettit, widow, on 13 January 1778 [Minutes 1765-71, 8, 33]. He was a soldier in the Revolution who enlisted in Northampton County, Virginia, and applied for a pension while living there [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32]. He was a "Mulatto" or "free Negro" taxable in Northampton County from 1787 to 1805, free from taxation in 1806, living in the Indian town of Northampton County in 1809 and 1810 [PPTL, 1782-1823, frames 64, 125, 207, 345, 408, 447, 467, 530]. He registered as a "free Negro" in Northampton County on 10 June 1794 [Orders 1789-95, 354]. James Carter, Sr., was head of a Northampton County household of 4 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217].

 

James Causey was a seaman from Northumberland County who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32]. He was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:975].

 

William¹ Causey, born about 1747, enlisted in the Revolution for three years and was discharged on 16 February 1780 by the captain of the ship Dragon [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32]. He registered as a "free Negro" in Northumberland County on 12 January 1807: Mulatto, about 60 years old, 5 feet 9-1/4 Inches, Born free [Northumberland County Courthouse Register, no.27].

 

Charles Charity was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Surry County who enlisted in the Revolution in Dinwiddie County and later moved to Cumberland County, Virginia [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 148].

 

Anthony Chavis served in the Revolution in Virginia and died in Granville County, North Carolina, in May 1831 according to the survivor's pension application of his son Peter [M805, reel 180, frame 145].

 

Isaac Chavis was a "free man of color of Charlotte County" who enlisted in the 14th Virginia Regiment in March 1777 according to his heirs Jacob Chavos, William Chavos, Sally Brandom, and Patsy Scott who applied for a land grant on 1 May 1837 for his services in the Revolution [Hopkins, Virginia Revolutionary War Land Grant Claims, 48].

 

John Chavis enlisted in the Fifth Virginia Regiment in December 1778 and served for three years. Captain Mayo Carrington, in a bounty warrant written in March 1783, certified that Chavis had "faithfully fulfilled [his duties] and is thereby entitled to all immunities granted to three year soldiers" [Mecklenburg County Legislative Petition of 14 December 1820]. On 20 April 1818 his sons John, Charles, and Randolph Chavis of Mecklenburg County gave their power of attorney to Melchizedek Roffe to collect money due to them from the State Treasurer for their father's service in the Revolution [Virginia Genealogist, p.153; Mecklenburg County DB 17:218-9]. William O. Goode, former member of the General Assembly from Mecklenburg County, wrote a letter on 12 January 1836 in support of the petition to the Legislature made by his son Randall. Goode stated that John and his brother Anthony Chavis were wagoners in the Revolution who were issued certificates of public debt at the end of the war, about 21 pounds for Anthony (signed by Captain Young) and 89 pounds for John (signed by Captain Carrington). These certificates were burnt in a fire in the Petersburg home of Charles Watts who was John Chavers' brother-in-law according to the testimony of Thomas Evans who had been a resident of Petersburg at the time of the fire [Mecklenburg County Legislative Petitions of 14 December 1820 and 19 January 1836, LVA].

 

John Chavis was called John Shivers on 16 November 1818 when he made a declaration in Southampton County court setting forth that he was a soldier in the Revolutionary War by voluntary enlistment [Minutes 1816-9, unpaged]. He was called Jack Chavis in 1810 when he was head of a Southampton County household of 3 "other free" [VA:77].

 

Ned Chavis served in the Revolution [Eckenrode, List of the Revolutionary Soldiers of Virginia, 324] and was taxable on one tithe in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, from 1786 to 1797 [Personal Tax List, frames 122, 368, 611, 634].

 

William Clark was sixty-four years old on 22 August 1820 when he appeared in Culpeper County court to apply for a pension for his services in the Revolution. According to his pension records, he died on 8 December 1827 and his children were Willis Clark, William Clark, Kitty Madden (wife of Willis Madden), and Nicholas Clark [Madden, We Were Always Free, 191-199].

 

Mason Collins was about sixty years old on 15 May 1818 when he made a declaration in King and Queen County court to obtain a pension for his services in the 11th Virginia Regiment. He declared that he had travelled north as bowman to an officer named Holt Richeson in 1777 and enlisted while in the state of Pennsylvania. He called himself an "illiterate Mulatto" on 11 December 1820 when he stated that he had a life estate in 85 acres and that his family consisted of a twenty-year-old woman named Maneroy, seventeen-year-old Mason, fifteen-year-old Mary and eleven-year-old Eliza.

 

James Cooper was a seventy-year-old "free man of color" who applied for a pension while residing in Augusta County, Virginia, on 26 June 1820. He stated that he had enlisted in Goochland County and that his family consisted of himself and Lukey Orchard, a free woman of color upwards of fifty years old, who lived with him. He owned a horse and was renting 4-5 acres. His application included a certificate dated October 1787 from a justice of the peace in Goochland County, describing him as a "molatto Free man," which was to be used as a pass to travel to North Carolina and Georgia [Dorman, Virginia Revolutionary Pension Applications, 20:76-7].

 

Francis Cousins enlisted in the Revolution from Goochland County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32] and was head of a Goochland County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [VA:687].

 

John Cowigg was a soldier from Goochland County who served as a wagoner or in the service of supply [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 32].

 

Moses Credit was a Northumberland County soldier [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 33].

 

 

Charles Cuffee was called the son of "free Negro" Sarah Coffe when he was bound apprentice to Nathaniel Sikes in Norfolk County on 19 May 1763 [Orders 1763-65, 15]. He was a "Free Black" head of a Princess Anne County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:445]. He enlisted in the Revolution in 1780 for eighteen months, and he applied for and was granted a pension while a resident of Princess Anne County on 7 June 1830 when he was seventy-five years old. He stated in court that he was living with his thirty-year-old wife Katy and his twelve or thirteen-year-old son Tom. His widow Catherine declared that she was about sixty years old when she applied for a survivor's pension on 28 August 1857. She further testified that her maiden name was Catherine Fuller, that they were married in Princess Anne County in 1815 by Samuel Brown, a Baptist Minister, and that her husband died on 1 Oct 1844. Her widow's pension was suspended during the Civil War, but it was reinstated based on her application of 3 June 1867 [National Archives Pension file W-9402]

 

William Cuffee was a man of color from Norfolk County who was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Daniel Cumbo served in the Revolution from James City County. Stephen Cumbo served in the Revolution from James City County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 34].

 

Fortune Cumbo was the mother of a poor soldier in the Continental Service on 17 December 1778, 20 May 1779 and 19 August 1779 when the Halifax County, Virginia court issued a certificate to the Treasurer that she had been provided with public assistance. She may have been the mother of Thomas Gimbo, a poor soldier whose wife and children received assistance in Halifax County on 21 August 1777 [Pleas 1774-9, 236, 384, 414; 1779-83, 65].

 

Michael Cumbo was a Revolutionary soldier from Charles City County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 34].

 

Peter Cumbo was a soldier from Charles City County who served in the Revolution [Gwathmey, Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution, 198].

 

Richard Cumbo was a soldier from Charles City County who served in the infantry during the Revolution [Gwathmey, Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution, 198].

 

Stephen³ Cumbo, born say 1755, was a soldier from James City County who served in the Revolution [Gwathmey, Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution, 198].

 

Abraham Cottiler (Cuttillo), a "free man of color" from York County, enlisted in the Revolution in 1779, served at the Battle of Yorktown, and died about thirty years previous leaving children: Nancy Cottiler, Betsy Cottiller (wife of, first, John Francis, then James Wallace), and John Cottiller [Hopkins, Virginia Revolutionary War Land Grant Claims, 58].

 

Stephen Davenport was a soldier in the Revolution from York County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 34].

 

Daniel Davis, "a mulatto" born in Lancaster County, enlisted for the war and deserted from the ship Gloucester near Warwick with William Smith, a Creole born in Barbados, according to an advertisement in the 2 August 1780 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Virginia Genealogist 4:136].

 

George Day was a seaman from Northumberland County in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 34]. He was a "free negro" head of a Northumberland County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:976].

 

John Debrix was a "Negro" taxable in James City County in 1786 who served in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Charles Dobbins was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Prince Edward County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution in Dinwiddie County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149]. He was taxable in Powhatan County in 1794, 1795 and a "M^o" taxable there from 1802 to 1806 [PPTL, 1787-1825, frames 105, 117, 239, 255, 277, 293, 316].

 

Emanuel Driver was a soldier from Gloucester County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 35].

 

Luke Duncan, a "free Mulatto," was released from his indenture to Thomas Lowry by the Norfolk County court on 8 April 1782 [Orders 1782-3, 9]. He was a man of color from Norfolk County who enlisted in the Revolution between 1777 and 1783 [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Solomon Duncan, a "Free Black" head of a Princess Anne County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:450], was a yellow-complexioned blacksmith who was born in Pasquotank County, North Carolina, served in the Revolution, and was living in Princess Anne County when he was listed in the size roll of troops who joined at Chesterfield Courthouse [cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Wallace Dunstan was a soldier from Halifax County, Virginia, who deserted Captain Shem Cook's Second Georgia State Battalion. On 27 October 1777 Cook placed an advertisement in the Virginia Gazette offering "mulattoes" Wallace Dunstan and James Smith of Halifax County (and 10 other soldiers, including a sergeant) a pardon if they returned [Virginia Gazette, Purdie edition, p.3, col. 1].

 

John Epps, born 23 December 1763, was counted in the "List of Free Negroes & Mulattoes in the Lower District of Lunenburg County" in March 1802 with his wife Lucy and children [VSL, Lunenburg County, Free Negro, Slave Records, 1802-1830, p.1]. He was called Jack Epps in 1820 when he was head of a Wilkes County, North Carolina household of 9 "free colored" [NC:519]. He was seventy-one years old on 10 October 1834 when he made a declaration in Halifax County, Virginia Court to apply for a pension for Revolutionary War service. He stated that he was born in Lunenburg County. He was granted a pension while residing in Person County on 8 February 1836 [M805-306].

 

 

Charles Evans was listed as a "yellow" complexioned soldier, born in Petersburg and living in Mecklenburg County when he enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Another Charles Evans was in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, on 9 April 1782 when the court allowed his claim for providing 225 pounds of beef for the use of the Continental Army [Orders 1779-84, 127].

 

Thomas Evans, a "free man of Colour," was about sixty-three years of age on 23 December 1819 when he applied for a pension in Lunenburg County for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in September 1777 while resident in Mecklenburg County and served until 1780 [23 December 1819 Lunenburg County Legislative Petition, LVA].

 

Another Thomas Evans was living in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, on 9 April 1782 when the court allowed his claim for providing 225 pounds of beef for the use of the Continental Army [Orders 1779-84, 134].

 

John Farrar was a "yellow" complexioned soldier who enlisted in the Revolution from Goochland County (called John Farrow) [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149]. John Farrar was a "Mulatto" taxable in Powhatan County from 1788 to 1792 [PPTL, 1787-1825, frames 18, 32, 46, 60, 77].

 

John Fields, a "Mulatto" taxable in Buckingham County in 1774 [Woodson, Virginia Tithables From Burned Counties, 39], was a "free person of color" from Charles City County who enlisted in the Revolution in Amherst County [Register at Chesterfield Courthouse, cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

William Flora was taxable in Portsmouth and Elizabeth River Parishes, Norfolk County, from 1782 to 1817: taxable on 6 horses from 1795 to 1799; taxable on 2 free males; a slave under 16, 5 horses and 4 carriage wheels in 1800; counted in a list of "free Negroes" as a pedlar living in Portsmouth with (wife?) Gracy Flora in 1801; taxable on 3 riding chairs and 6 horses in 1802, 8 horses from 1804 to 1806; a stage wagon, 6 chairs and 6 horses in 1807 [PPTL, 1782-91, frames 392, 485, 567, 613, 643, 682; 1791-1812, frames 22, 82, 138, 172, 248, 354, 383, 463, 560, 646, 689, 742; 1813-24, frames 101, 251]. He fought in the battle at Great Bridge, Norfolk County, in the Revolution, prying loose the last board in the bridge to prevent the British from attacking his retreating comrades [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 34; WPA, The Negro in Virginia, 23].

 

John Fortune was a free man of color who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution from Amherst County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Lewis Fortune was a free man of color born in Caroline County but living in Essex County when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149]. He was a "M^o" or "free Black" taxable in Powhatan County from 1792 to 1813 [PPTL, 1787-1825, frames 76, 105, 132, 184, 239, 294, 362, 438].

 

Samuel Fortune was a free man of color born in Caroline County but living in Powhatan County when he enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Christopher Francis was a soldier in the Revolution from York County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 35].

 

Charles Freeman was a "Mulatto Boy" living in Nottoway Parish, Amelia County, on 28 June 1759 when the court ordered the churchwardens to bind him as an apprentice to John Howsing [Orders 1757-60, 224]. He was a free man of color from Amelia County who enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Nathan Fry was a man of color born free in Westmoreland County who enlisted in the Minute Service of the Revolutionary War in Henrico County, served as a drummer against the Creek Indians in Georgia and applied for a pension in Henrico County [National Archives pension file S39545 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 177-8]. He was a "F.N." taxable in the upper district of Henrico County from 1790 to 1813: listed with his unnamed wife in 1813 [PPTL 1782-1814, frames 376, 402, 444, 486, 532, 593, 636, 661, 757].

 

Dennis Garner was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Isle of Wight County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 149].

 

Samuel George was a seaman from James City County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 35].

 

Samuel Goff enlisted in the Virginia Continental Line on 15 September 1777 and was killed at Powles Hook on 16 August 1779 according to a certificate presented by his brother Abraham Goff in Cumberland County court [Orders 1779-84, 496].

 

Daniel Goff made a declaration in Boone County, Kentucky, on 4 February 1833 in order to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He was living in Chesterfield County when he enlisted in the 15th Virginia Regiment for three years. James Taylor testified that Daniel, a "poor colored man," came to live with him in Campbell County, Virginia, in 1793 as a gardener and laborer [M805-362, frame 97].

 

Zachariah Goff was a "Melatto" taxable in Campbell County from 1788 to 1792 [PPTL, 1785-1814, frames 84, 150, 212]. On 28 February 1796 the Cumberland County court ordered the clerk to issue a certificate of freedom "it appearing to the court that the said Zachariah by birth and parentage is intitled to the same" [Orders 1792-7, 613]. He was a Revolutionary War pensioner from Bedford County. He enlisted in Cumberland County in 1777 and served for three years. On 25 September 1851 his widow Betsy Goff, a "free Negroe," testified that they were married in June 1796, that her maiden name was Betsy Moss, and that her husband died in 1823 [M805-362, frames 288-295].

 

Abraham Goff, a "free man of Colour," was about seventy-seven years old on 28 August 1820 when he testified in Bedford County, Virginia court to obtain a pension for his service in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in Cumberland County, Virginia, in 1778 and served for four years. He had four children living with him: Matilda aged fourteen years, Ely aged twelve years, Samuel aged six years, and Mary aged three years [M805-362, frames 56-65]. He registered in Bedford County on 26 October 1820: aged 77, Mulatto, 5 feet 11 inches, Born free [Register of Free Negroes 1820-60, p.3].

 

Jacob Going, head of a Stokes County household of 6 "other free" in 1800 [NC:495], was about seventy years of age and living in Vermillion County, Illinois, on 7 June 1832 when applied for a Revolutionary War pension, stating that he was born in Henry County, Virginia, that he lived in Kentucky for about thirty years, then lived for seven years in Vincennes, Indiana [M805, reel 368, frame 0115, reel 368].

 

Charles Gowens was taxable in Henry County from 1783 to 1790 [PPTL, 1782-1830, frames 302, 352] and taxable in Patrick County from 1791 to 1795 [PPTL, 1791-1823, frames 151, 177, 207]. He was about seventy years old on 22 October 1833 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension, stating that he had been born in Henry County, lived there until 1797, then moved to Kentucky and moved to Gallatin in 1815 [M805, reel 368, frame 0144]

 

David Gowen was head of Wythe County, Virginia household of 8 "other free" in 1810. He was about seventy-six years old on 26 February 1834 when he appeared in Hamilton County, Tennessee Court to apply for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He testified that he entered the service in Halifax County, Virginia, moved to Grayson County, Virginia, for three years, then to Wythe County for ten years, then to Grainger County, Tennessee, for fourteen years and lived in Hamilton County for one year. His younger brother Laban Goens testified on his behalf [M805-362, frames 27-30].

 

Drury Going was living in Greensville County, Virginia, on 12 March 1782 the court credited him with the value of a gun impressed for the public use (during the Revolution) [Orders 1781-9, 13-14].

 

Frederick Going was a "free man of Color" who stated that he was about seventy-eight years old on 21 March 1838 when he appeared in Lawrence County, Alabama court to apply for a pension for services in the militia during the Revolution. He stated that he was born on the Meherrin River in the part of Brunswick County, Virginia, from which Greensville was formed after the war, and he was about sixteen years old when drafted. He was in Illinois on 2 December 1842 when Daniel Hay wrote a letter enquiring about the status of his application [M805-362, frames 14-24].

 

Joshua Going was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Louisa County who was drafted in the Revolutionary War [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150].

 

Sherrod Going was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Louisa County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150]. He was head of an Albemarle County household of 12 "other free" in 1810 [VA:196] and 9 "free colored" in 1820. He received a pension for his service in the 14th Virginia Regiment during the Revolution. He owned 217 acres in Albemarle County when he made his pension application, describing himself to the court at Charlottesville as "a colored man and very illiterate" [National Archives pension file W7545; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 35].

 

Zephaniah Gowens was taxable in Henry County from 1783 to 1796 and in 1802: listed with 2 tithables in 1794 [PPTL, 1782-1830, frames 159, 302, 402, 428, 504], taxable in Patrick County from 1797 to 1799 [PPTL, 1791-1823, frames 234, 268]. He was about seventy-six years old and living in Hawkins County, Tennessee on 18 December 1834 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension, stating that he had entered the service in Henry County [M805, reel 368, frame 0134].

 

William Guy called himself "a free man of Color" on 5 February 1833 when he made a declaration in Granville County court in order to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He testified that he was about seventy years old, was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, and lived in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, when he enlisted as a substitute for Jack Goode at Mecklenburg courthouse. He moved to Granville County about 1803. On 8 November 1842 his widow Abigail Guy, aged eighty years, testified in Granville County in order to obtain a widow's pension. She stated that she and William Guy were married on 12 June 1780, and her husband died on 30 January 1837. Her application included a copy of their 10 January 1780 Halifax County, North Carolina marriage bond: William Guy to Abigail Chavers (Chavis). It stated that William Guy and Charles Chavers provided the bond, but it was signed William Guy and Samuel Chavers (by mark) [M804-1149].

 

James Johns was a Revolutionary War soldier from Goochland County. In 1778 the Goochland County Court provided his wife "needy relief" while he was serving in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 37].

 

Peter Hacket was a Revolutionary soldier from Campbell County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 36], a "Free Negro" taxable in the northern district of Campbell County from 1787 to 1807 [PPTL, 1785-1814, frames 85, 119, 331, 459, 697] and head of a Campbell County household of 11 "other free" in 1810 [VA:869].

 

John Haithcock was living in Southampton County in 1779 when he enlisted in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 37]. He was head of a Halifax County, North Carolina household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [NC:27] and 7 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:151].

 

Peter Haley registered as a "free Negro" in York County on 28 April 1802: a bright mulatto with woolly hair high forehead ... 5 feet 6-1/2 Inches high ... about 45 years of age [Register of Free Negroes 1798-1831, no.19]. He was head of a York County household of 2 "other free" in 1810. He was a soldier in the Revolution from York County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38].

 

Edward Harris enlisted in the Revolution while a resident of Amelia County and was granted a pension [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38].

 

James Harris was a resident of Charles City County when he enlisted in the 2nd Virginia Regiment. He applied for a pension in 1820 stating that he was a farmer with a fifty-eight-year-old wife who was sickly [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 36].

 

Another James Harris was born in Dinwiddie County according to his Revolutionary War pension file, enlisted in the service while resident in Orange County, North Carolina, in 1775. In 1781 he moved to the part of Henry County which later became Patrick County and applied for a pension from there in 1835. He was a "Mulatto" taxable in Patrick County in 1799, listed with 2 tithes in 1799, 1804 and 1805 [PPTL, 1791-1823, frames 269, 398, 428, 460, 538, 598] and head of a Patrick County household of 6 "free colored" in 1830. His widow Keziah was head of a Patrick County household of 4 "free colored" in 1840 and was an eighty-year-old "Mulatto" woman, born in Virginia, counted in the 1850 census [VA:389]. She applied for a survivor's Revolutionary War pension in 1855 stating that her maiden name was Keziah Minor and that she and James had married in Rockingham County, North Carolina, in 1801.

 

John Harris was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Prince George County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution in Dinwiddie County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150]. He was a "Mulatto" taxable in Dinwiddie County in 1790 and 1792 and a "free" taxable from 1794 to 1801 when he was listed as a cooper in the same district (Braddock Goodwyn's) as another "free" John Harris and a "free" Andrew Harris [PPTL 1801 B, p.7]. He was called a "free man of Colour" on 27 April 1818 when he made a declaration in Prince George County to obtain a pension for his services, stating that he enlisted in 1777 in the 15th Virginia Regiment. He was taken from the regiment and made a servant to President Monroe who was then the major of horse and aide-de-camp to Lord Sterling. He made a second declaration on 18 May 1821 in Petersburg court, stating that he was about sixty-nine years old and residing in Dinwiddie County in the immediate vicinity of Petersburg. He was a cooper by trade and his family consisted of himself and four children: three boys and a girl [M805-401, frame 0640].

 

Another John Harris was a soldier who enlisted in the Revolution in Petersburg. His children were living in Wilkes County, North Carolina, on 3 July 1852 when they applied for a pension for his services as a drummer. They declared that he and their mother Mary Walker were married by the Episcopal Minister in Dinwiddie County in October or November 1785. They moved to Randolph County, North Carolina, near the old courthouse, called Randolph Cross Roads, and lived there for five or six years, and then moved to Rowan County near Lexington (Davidson County) where their father died on 20 April 1806 [CR 104.923.2 by NCGSJ V:251-2].

 

William Harris was a deserter from Captain Thomas Massie's new recruits for the sixth Virginia Regiment. The 21 November 1777 issue of the Virginia Gazette offered a reward for his return, describing him as: a mulatto fellow about five feet eleven inches high, the veins in his leg much broke, appear in knots, he was enlisted in New Kent, but expect he is lurking about Charles City [Virginia Gazette, Purdie's edition, p.3, col. 3].

 

Henry Hartless was living in Amherst County on 2 April 1782 when the court ordered that he be paid for providing 20 pounds of bacon and 275 pounds of beef to the Revolution [Orders 1773-82, 281].

 

Peter Hartless was about eighty years old on 1 November 1832 when he made a declaration in Amherst County court to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He was born in Caroline County, enrolled in the militia in 1777 or 1778, drafted in 1781, and returned to Caroline County until 1787 when he moved to Amherst County. Bounty land was issued to Lawrence Mason for his services in the North Carolina Militia during the War of 1812 [M804-1210, frame 0249]. He was taxable in Lexington Parish, Amherst County, from 1787 to 1821: called a "man of color" in 1811 and 1812, a "Mulatto" in 1813, in a list of "Free Mulattoes & Negroes" in 1814, 1816, and 1818 [PPTL 1782-1803, frames 101, 167, 227, 349, 395, 452, 510, 588; 1804-23, frames 25, 108, 168, 213, 234, 256, 284, 403, 503, 539, 601]. He was head of an Amherst County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:288].

 

William Hartless made a declaration in Amherst County court on 17 September 1832 to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he was born in Caroline County, moved to Amherst County when he was twenty-three years old, entered the militia in Albemarle County in 1779, and was drafted from Amherst County in 1781 [M804-1210, frame 0260]. He was taxable in Lexington Parish, Amherst County, from 1782 to 1821: called a "man of color" in 1811 and 1812, a "Mulatto" in 1813 [PPTL 1782-1803, frames 9, 101, 197, 327, 555, 588; 1804-23, frames 24, 147, 213, 255, 503, 600]. He was head of an Amherst County household of 1 white (free) person in 1783 [VA:48] and 1785 [VA:85], 13 "other free" in 1810, and 6 "free colored" and a 26-44 year old white woman in 1820.

 

James Hawkins was about fifty-seven years old with no family living with him on 14 October 1820 when he made a declaration in Fluvanna County to obtain a pension for his service in the Revolution. He stated that "being a Coloured man," he was taken as a waiter to Major Chrogham. He received a land warrant for three years service [M804-1227, frame 0576].

 

Peter Haw(s) was head of a Lancaster County, Virginia household of 9 "Blacks" in 1783 [VA:56] and 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:349]. He and his brother William¹ Haw were seamen from Lancaster County in the Revolution. On 1 November 1834 Peter's four children: Rachel Haw, Peter Haw, Alice Haw, and Betsy Haw applied for bounty land for his services [Hopkins, Virginia Revolutionary War Land Grant Claims, 104].

 

William Haws died in Revolutionary War service aboard the ship Dragon [Hopkins, Virginia Revolutionary War Land Grant Claims, 104].

 

Ephraim Hearn was a "man of colour" about eighty-four years old on 8 August 1829 when he made a declaration in Gloucester County court to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He was a weaver living with his wife Molly (more than sixty years old) and a twenty-year-old daughter Betsy [M804-1242, frame 0662]. He was head of a Gloucester County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:657].

 

Caleb Hill was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in King & Queen County who lived in King William County when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150].

 

John Hobson/ Hopson was a soldier in the Revolution from York County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38].

 

Bartholomew Holmes was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in James City County who was living in King William County when he was listed in a register of soldiers who enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150].

 

William Holmes was listed as a soldier from King William County in the French and Indian War who deserted: a mulatto, age 45 years, 5'11" [Magazine of Virginia Genealogy 31:93].

 

David Howell was a Revolutionary War soldier from Powhatan County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38]. He registered in Powhatan County on 19 December 1822: Age: 59; Color: Dark Brown; Stature: 5'6-1/2"; Born Free. (His wife) Patsy Howell registered the same day: Age: 47; Color: Yellow; Stature: 5'6"; Born Free [Register of Free Negroes, nos. 64, 65].

 

Isaac Howell was a man of color born in Powhatan County who later lived in Goochland County. He enlisted as a substitute and served as a waiter in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38].

 

Luke Hughes was listed among the slaves in Cadwelder Dade's estate inventory which was proved in Stafford County on 14 July 1761 "Luke...to serve till 31" [Wills, Liber O, 1748-63, 400]. He was a Revolutionary War soldier who was born in King George County and later lived in Culpeper County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38]. He registered in King George County on 27 October 1800: a dark molatto man with long grey hair, about sixty years, was born in this County, served Cadwellder Dade untill he was thirty one years of age [Register of Free Persons, no.16].

 

William Hughes was a "yellow" complexioned man who enlisted in the Revolution in Caroline County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150]. He was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 2 "other free" and a slave in 1810 [VA:113b].

 

Hardy Hunt was a "Negro" from Southampton County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted in the Revolution at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150]. He enlisted in the service in Southampton County with John Hathcock and petitioned the Legislature for compensation in 1792 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38].

 

William Jackson was a man of color from Amherst County who served in the Revolution and lived in Bedford County [National Archives pension file W7877 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150].

 

John Jeffries was taxable in Andrew Jeffries' Brunswick County, Virginia household in 1783 [PPTL 1782-98] and was charged with his own tax in Meherrin Parish, Greensville County, from 1788 to 1807 [PPTL 1782-1850, frames 65, 84, 108, 127, 138, 218, 245, 260, 274, 288, 303, 322, 337, 372]. He was head of an Orange County, North Carolina household of 5 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:342]. He was about sixty-seven years old and living in Orange County on 26 November 1832 when he applied for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in Brunswick County, Virginia, in 1780 and resided there until 1808 when he moved to Orange County. He made a second declaration in Orange County on 19 October 1837 that he had served in the place of his father Andrew Jeffreys. His widow Delilah was a resident of Alamance County on 19 November 1853 when she applied for a survivor's pension, testifying that they were married in 1822 and that her husband died on 15 April 1845. She was said to have been about eighty years old when she testified again in Alamance County on 11 April 1855 [M804-1409, frame 0363].

 

James Johns was a Revolutionary War soldier from Goochland County. In 1778 the Goochland County court provided his wife "needy relief" while he was serving in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 37].

 

Britton Jones was a Revolutionary soldier from Greensville County, Virginia [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 38], head of a Greensville County household of 2 persons in 1783 [VA:55], and 4 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:262]. He registered as a "Free Negro" in Greensville County on 1 April 1825: free born of a Yellowish Complexion about Sixty-two years old, 5 feet 10-1/4 inches high ... a planter [Register, no.140].

 

Burwell Jones was a man of color from Lunenburg County who served in the Revolution [National Archives pension file R67SO cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 150].

 

____ Kee, born say 1700, was a soldier who was slain in the expedition against the Spaniards at Carthagena. His widow Elizabeth Kee, a "Mulatto," petitioned the Virginia House of Burgesses for a pension and was granted an allowance of five pounds on 26 May 1742 [McIlwaine, Journals of the House of Burgesses, 20, 37].

 

John Key was a Lunenburg County, Virginia soldier of dark complexion who was born free in King and Queen County in 1763. In 1853 his widow Faithy Lester Key began receiving a pension for his services in the Revolutionary War [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 39].

 

Jesse Kelly was a soldier in the Revolution from King William County, Virginia, who served as an apprentice to Lewis Lee [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 39]. John Crittendon and Luke Cannon, officers of the 15th Virginia Regiment, recruited Jesse Kelly to serve in the army. Kelly's master, Lewis Lee won a suit against them for 35 pounds for the loss of his servant. Their King William County petition to the General Assembly of Virginia for reimbursement was rejected [http://history.uncg.edu/slaverypetitions/documentary.html, PAR# 11679201].

Jesse registered in Surry County as a free Negro on 11 April 1799: a free born - mulatto man of a bright complexion...has a bushy head of hair [Hudgins, Register of Free Negroes, 6].

 

William Kersey was taxable in Southampton County from 1782 to 1797, a "M"(ulatto) taxable there in 1806 and 1807 [PPTL 1782-92, frames 504, 545, 641, 713, 820, 878; 1792-1806, frames 56, 164, 194, 267], head of a Warren County, North Carolina household of 10 "other free" in 1800 [NC:814], 11 in 1810 [NC:765], and 7 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:798]. He was called William Carsey in his pension application in which he stated that he was born in Southampton County in 1761, lived there and in Bute County, North Carolina, during the war, and married Polly Evans in Mecklenburg County in 1786. He died 26 June 1836 and his widow Mary died 14 September 1840 [M804-481].

 

Ambrose Lewis served in the Revolution from Spotsylvania County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 39-40].

 

Thomas Lively was taxable in Chesterfield County from 1793 to 1811, a "Mulatto" living with his 2 children on James Scott's land in 1809 and 1811 [PPTL, 1786-1811, frames 162, 198, 268, 301, 374, 563, 689, 738]. He was a "man of Colour," eighty four years of age on 31 May 1820 when he made a declaration in Petersburg to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution, stating that he enlisted in Chesterfield County in the 5th Virginia Regiment in 1777. On 27 August 1820 his family consisted of his twenty-three-year-old daughter Sally Freeman, her twenty-seven-year-old husband Kit Freeman and their seven-year-old son James [M804-1573, frame 0042].

 

Thomas Lockett was a soldier from Nelson County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

James Locus was a seaman in the Revolution from King George County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40]. He registered in King George County on 1 May 1800: a dark Mulatto man aged about ___ years, and about five feet ___ Inches, was bound to Thomas Massey, Senr. of this County to serve till the age of thirty one years [Register of Free Persons 1785-1799, no.12].

 

John Locus was a seaman in the Revolution from King George County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

Joseph² Lucas was bound out as an apprentice in Cumberland County, Virginia, on 25 May 1761. He was a "yellow" complexioned man living in Powhatan County when he was listed as a soldier who served as a substitute in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 151]. He registered as a free Negro in Goochland County on 18 July 1809: five feet nine and an half inches high, about forty five years of age, short curled hair intermingled with Grey...free born [Register of Free Negroes, p. 32].

 

Daniel Loney was a soldier from Hanover County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

Bennett McCoy was drafted into the service from Westmoreland County to serve in 1777. He was allowed a pension in 1818 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40]. In 1801 he was listed as a "free Molatto" farmer with Hannah McKey living on their own land in Westmoreland County [Virginia Genealogist 31:40]. He was head of a Westmoreland County household of 4 "other free" in 1810.

 

George McCoy was head of a Rockingham County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:130b]. According to his Revolutionary pension file, he died in the poorhouse in Rockingham County in 1821 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

James McCoy was listed as a "free Molatto" farmer living on his own land in Westmoreland County in 1801 ["A List of Free Mulattoes & Negroes in Westmoreland County" Virginia Genealogist, 31:40]. He was head of a Westmoreland County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 (called James McKoy). He received a pension for his service as a soldier in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

____ McGee was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from King George County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 151].

Kingston Marshall was a seaman in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40].

 

Thomas Maclin was described as a "free mulatto" who lived near the lower Mecklenburg County store of Dinwiddie, Crawford, & Company and owed them 3 pounds on 1 September 1775 [Virginia Genealogist 15:291]. He may have been identical to John Macklin, "a poor soldier in the service of the United States," whose wife Frances was living in Mecklenburg County on 13 March 1780 when the court ordered Reuben Morgan to supply her with 2 barrels of corn for her support [Orders 1779-84, 19].

 

Thomas Mahorney was about 85 years old on 22 May 1818 when he made a declaration in Prince William County court to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in January 1777 in Westmoreland County. He was called a "free man of colour," aged about ninety-one, on 3 October 1820 when he appeared in court again, declaring that his family residing with him was his wife Mima and son Jack, both slaves [M804-1615, frame 0568].

 

William Martin was a "yellow" complexioned man, who was born in Cumberland County and was living in Pittsylvania County when he was listed as a soldier who enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 151].

 

Thomas Mason, married Elizabeth Ailstock in Louisa County in April 1791 according to her application for a survivor's pension for his services in the Revolution. He was listed as a "Mulatto" shoemaker in a "List of free Negroes and Mulattoes" in Louisa County with his wife Elizabeth and children about 1801-3 [Abercrombie, Free Blacks of Louisa County, 20]. His widow Elizabeth applied for a pension in Campbell County on 1 May 1854, stating that her husband was a "colored" man who died in October 1832.

 

Saul Mathews was a spy from Norfolk County. He was a slave who entered the British camp at Portsmouth several times and brought back information. In 1792 he petitioned the Legislature and was granted his freedom [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 40]

 

James Mealy registered as a free Negro in Goochland County on 18 December 1822: about fifty eight years old, about five feet ten inches high ... yellowish complexion and was free born [Register of Free Negroes, pp.136, 223]. He was a soldier in the Revolution from Goochland County who received a pension in 1831 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

James Melton/ Milton, brother of Ann Melton Bowzer, enlisted in the Revolution and died of smallpox at Bunker Hill [Brown, Genealogical Abstracts, Revolutionary War Veterans Script Act, 1852, 139; Gwathmey, Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution].

 

George Monoggon was a Gloucester County seaman [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41]

 

Ambrose Month received a pension for his services in the Revolution based on his application from Knox County, Tennessee, in 1834. He stated that he was born in Spotsylvania County and was a free man who was part Shawnee and part Negro [National Archives pension file cited by NSDAR, African American and American Indian Patriots of the Revolutionary War, 138].

 

Thomas Morgan was a soldier from Suffolk, Virginia, in the French and Indian War who deserted from the Virginia Regiment in September 1757 and was described as: age 26, 5'7", mulatto [Magazine of Virginia Genealogy 31:96].

 

Charles Morris was a man of color from Charles City County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 151]. He was a "Mulatto" taxable in Chesterfield County from 1798 to 1810 [PPTL, 1786-1811, frames 358, 543, 620, 662, 717, 753, 799] and head of a Chesterfield County household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [VA:70/1062]. He obtained a certificate of freedom in Chesterfield County on 8 August 1814: about forty eight years old, brown complexioned, born free [Register of Free Negroes 1804-53, no. 224].

 

Francis Morris was a "yellow" complexioned man born in Henrico County who was living in Petersburg when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 151].

 

Anthony Morrison was a Lancaster County seaman. His daughter was granted a warrant for 200 acres for his services on board the Gloucester [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

Ezekiel Moses was a "Mulatto" delinquent taxable in Northampton County, Virginia, in 1786 [Virginia Genealogist 20:269] and was a Northampton County seaman [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

Henry Moss was taxable in Powhatan County from 1789 to 1791 and from 1803 to 1817: called a "Mull^o" in 1790, called a "F.B." from 1813 to 1815 [PPTL, 1787-1825, frames 36, 48, 63, 262, 280, 321, 366, 443, 463, 488, 538]. He was about forty two years old on 1 July 1796 when he was described by the 1 July 1796 issue of a Virginia newspaper as: born a free Negro in one of the lower Counties of this state...his father was a black and his mother a mulatto, but he has turned white; he was in the Virginia Line in the last war [Headley, 18th Century Newspapers].

 

Edward Nickens served as a seaman aboard the Gloucester in the State Navy for which he received bounty land on 9 February 1784. He moved to New Kent County where he lived near James Lafayette [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

James Nickens was head of a Lancaster County household of 9 "Blacks" in 1783 [VA:55] and a "F. Negroe" head of a Fauquier County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 (called James Nickens, Sr.) [VA:368]. On 3 September 1834 James Nickens, Elizabeth Nickens, and Judy Watkins appeared in Frederick County court to apply for the survivors' pension of their father James Nickens and their brother Hezekiah Nickens, a seaman in the Virginia State Navy who died during the war. They testified that their father died about 1825 and their mother Sally was also deceased, and they were their only heirs [Minutes 1834-38, 61].

 

Another James Nickens was head of a Prince William County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:506]. He was about fifty-nine years old and living in Falmouth when he applied for a pension on 27 April 1818. He was a sixty-two-year-old "Free Man of Color" living alone in Stafford County on 16 August 1820 when he applied for a pension. He testified that he enlisted in Lancaster County where he served aboard the ships Tempest, Revenge, and Hero, and then served in the army for two or three years [M805, reel 615, frame 0192].

 

Nathaniel Nickens was a Lancaster County seaman who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41] and head of a Lancaster County household of 3 "Blacks" in 1783 [VA:55].

 

Richard Nickens served in the Revolution aboard the galley Hero and received 1,000 acres on 2 August 1783 for serving three years. He registered in Lancaster County on 17 October 1803: Age 52, Color mulatto...born free [Burkett, Lancaster County Register of Free Negroes, 1]. He was said to be eighty-two years old when he applied for a pension in Lancaster County court on 17 December 1832 [M805, reel 0615, frame 0187].

 

Robert Nickens served as a soldier in the Revolution from Lancaster County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

William Nicken enlisted early in the Revolutionary War as a drummer, was in a short time made drum major, and returned to Northumberland County at the close of the war [Hopkins, Virginia Revolutionary War Land Grant Claims, 39].

 

William Oats was a Northumberland County seaman [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

Evan Payne was a "mulatto" listed among fourteen deserters from Lieutenant John Tankersley's troops. Tankersley offered a reward for their delivery to King George courthouse in the 3 October 1777 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Purdie edition, p. 3, col. 1].

 

Benjamin Payne was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Buckingham County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 152]. He enlisted in Goochland County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 41].

 

Joshua Payne was a man of color born in Westmoreland County who was living in King George County when he was listed in a register of soldiers who served in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 152]. He was head of a Rockingham County, North Carolina household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:491].

 

Joshua Perkins was a member of Captain Windsor Brown's Virginia Company of troops when Brown advertised in the 6 June 1777 issue of the Virginia Gazette that he had deserted. Brown described him as: a mulatto, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, 24 or 25 years old, and is a straight made fellow; had on a short striped jacket, a felt hat bound round with French lace [Virginia Gazette, Purdie edition, p. 3, col. 3]. His only heir Sally Perkins applied for his pension in Accomack County on 29 March 1834 for Revolutionary War service as a seaman [Orders 1832-36, 21, 313].

 

Nimrod Perkins was a "Mulatto" taxable in Northampton County, Virginia, in 1787 [Schreiner-Yantis, 1787 Census of Virginia, 1259] and head of an Accomack County household of 2 "other free" and one white woman in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 2:13]. He was about seventy-two years old on 31 July 1832 when he testified in Accomack County Court that he enlisted as a drummer on board the galley Diligence from 1777 until 1781 and that he had received a Virginia Military Land Warrant for 100 acres [Orders 1828-32, 537]. In 1830 he was granted 666 -2/3 acres and in 1832 he was granted a pension. His heir Sally perkins applied but was rejected [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, ].

 

James Peters was a seaman from Culpeper County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42].

 

Jesse Peters registered as a "free Negro" in Surry County on 9 January 1796: son of Lucy Peters a free mulattoe, a resident of the county, a dark mulattoe man aged about 32 years, pretty well made short hair, 5'11" high [Back of Guardian Accounts Book 1783-1804, no.17]. He was called a "Free man of Color" in his application for a pension in May 1835 in which he stated that he was seventy-one years old and fought at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse under Captain John Lucas [National Archives File, R 8146].

 

Francis Pierce was a man of color born in Caroline County who enlisted as a soldier in the Revolution NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153].

 

John Pinn married Anne Cassady, 12 September 1785 Northumberland County, Virginia bond. He was living in Boston, Massachusetts on 28 October 1842 when he applied for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that his father Robert Pin was a Mustee and his mother a Cherokee who were inhabitants of Lancaster County, Virginia, at a place called Indian Town near Carter's Creek. He and his father served in Captain William Yerby's Company of Artillery, he as a powder boy. He had moved to Boston about 1792 and married Nancy Coffin about ten years later. He testified that his brothers Jim and William also served and that Jim died in the service. He was described as "a coloured man - apparently of Indian Origin and is a person of good report amongst our mercantile community both here and at Salem" [M804-1938, frames 0637-51].

 

Rawley Pinn was a "Mulatto" taxable in Buckingham County in 1774 [Woodson, Virginia Tithables From Burned Counties], head of an Amherst County household of 7 persons in 1783 [VA:47], and 8 "Mulattos" in 1785 [VA:84]. He was a free man of color who served in the Revolution from Amherst County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 152].

 

Obediah Plumly was a yellow complexioned soldier from New Kent County, Virginia, who served as a substitute in the Revolution [Register & description of Noncommissioned Officers & Privates at Chesterfield Court House, cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153]. He was head of a Northampton County, North Carolina household of 7 "other free" in 1790 [NC:76], 11 in 1800 [NC:469] and 3 in 1810 [NC:739].

 

James Pompey was a "Negro planter" from Sussex County, Virginia, listed in the Size Roll of Captain Thomas Waggener's Company at Fort Holland in August 1757 [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 463]

 

David Pugh, the two-year-old minor of Sarah Pugh, a "Mulatto," was bound to James Jones in Bertie County on 26 July 1759 to be a cooper [NCGSJ XIII:169]. He was head of a Hertford County household of 6 "other free" in 1800 and was listed in the roster of soldiers from North Carolina in the American Revolution.

 

Arthur Pugh, a "Mulatto bastard of Sarah Pugh," was bound as an apprentice cooper to James Holley in Bertie County on 30 March 1767 [Haun, Bertie County Court Minutes, III:765]. He was listed in the roster of soldiers from North Carolina in the American Revolution.

 

John Ralls/ Rolls, born in Caroline County, was a "free man of colour" living in Culpeper County in 1779 when he enlisted in the Revolution. He was about eighty-two years old and had been living alone in Shenandoah County for "some years" before 9 January 1821 when he made a declaration to obtain a pension. David Jamison, a justice of the peace in Culpeper County, testified for him, noting that John had been one of four brothers and a sister in the county, and that he had had a wife and children living there while he was in the service [M804-2079, frame 0520; Revolutionary Army, vol. 1, Register 1777-1783, LVA accession number 24296, cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153].

 

Joseph Rantger was an African American seaman in the Revolution from Northumberland County who moved to Elizabeth City County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42]. Joseph Ranger was in a list of "free negroes & mulattoes" in Elizabeth City County in 1813 [Waldrep, 1813 Tax List].

 

John Redcross was a soldier in the Revolutionary War from York County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42]. He was taxable in York County in 1784 [Fothergill, Virginia Tax Payers, 103] and a "Mulatto" taxable on himself and a horse in Hanover County in 1785 and 1786 [Cocke, Hanover County Taxpayers, St. Paul's Parish, 105].

 

John Redman was a "Free Negro" taxable on 3 persons and 2 horses in Hardy County in 1810 [Yantis, A Supplement to the 1810 Census of Virginia, H-7]. At the age of sixty years on 11 June 1820, he made a declaration in Hardy County Court on 11 June 1820 to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in Winchester, Virginia. His widow Sarah applied for a survivor's pension on 9 August 1838 stating that her husband died on 8 October 1836. Their son Nimrod was fifty-one years old on 26 May 1849 when he appeared in Hardy County Court stating that he was the son of John and Sarah who died 4 November 1848 [M805-679, frame 0611].

 

Richard Redman applied for a pension while living in Hardy County on 10 February 1829. He enlisted about 1780 at Fauquier courthouse. His unnamed wife was sixty-five years old in 1829 [M805-679, frame 0630]. He was listed as a "yellow" complexioned soldier in the size roll of troops who enlisted in the Revolution [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153].

 

William Rich was a soldier in the Revolution from Lancaster County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42] and head of a Lancaster County household of 5 "Blacks" in 1783 [VA:55].

 

Hezekiah Roberts was head of a St. George Parish, Accomack County household of 3 "other free" in 1800 (called Kiah) [Virginia Genealogist 2:160]. He was a soldier who served in the Revolution from Accomack County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42].

 

Reuben Ross was a soldier from Culpeper County who served in the Revolutionary War [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42]. He was a "Ma." taxable on a horse in Culpeper County in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 16:277] and a "F. Mo." head of a Culpeper County household of 9 "other free" and one white woman in 1810 [VA:68].

 

David Ross was a soldier from Culpeper County who served in the Revolutionary War [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42].

 

Peter Rouse enlisted in the 2nd Virginia Regiment under Captain William Campbell in Dinwiddie County according to his application for a pension in Greene County, Pennsylvania, on 10 September 1832 [M805-706, frame 0545]. He was head of a Northampton County, North Carolina household of 9 "other free" in 1800 [NC:473].

 

John Rowe, a "free man of Colour," was about sixty-one years old on 8 August 1820 when he made a declaration in Botetourt County court to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in 1778 with Colonel Fabeger in the 2nd Regiment in New Jersey [M804-2072, frame 0209]. He was head of a Fluvanna County, Virginia household of 1 "other free" in 1810 [VA:478]. He registered in Nottoway County on 5 November 1818 and again in Botetourt County on 13 March 1820: 58 years, Black Colour, 5 feet 8 inches [Free Negroes Registered in the Clerks Office of Botetourt County, no.29].

 

George Russell enlisted in the Revolution while resident in Brunswick County, Virginia [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 42]. He was head of a Wake County household of 11 "other free" in 1790 [NC:103] and 4 in 1800 [NC:791]. He was allowed a pension while resident in Smith County, Tennessee [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

John Saunders was a free man of color born in Hanover County who served in the Revolution from Henrico County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153]. He was head of a Henrico County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:980].

 

Jesse Scott registered in Petersburg on 16 August 1794: a light Mulatto man five feet six & 1/2 inches high who served as a Soldier & a free man during the American Revolution about thirty four years old [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, no. 9].

 

Nicholas Scott was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in Henrico County but living in Charles City County when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 153].

 

William Scott registered in Petersburg on 16 August 1794: a light Mulatto man five feet six inches high, about forty one years old, who served in the American Army during the Revolution [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, no. 10].

 

Johnson Smith was a soldier from Albemarle County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

Thomas Sorrell was listed among the "Free Molattoes" living on Thomas Rowand's land in Westmoreland County in 1801 [Virginia Genealogist 31:41]. He was a sixty-two-year-old resident of Westmoreland County living with his forty-five-year-old wife and eleven-year-old daughter in 1820 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension [M804-2246, frame 0992].

 

Abel Spriggs and Thomas Wood were "mulattoes" listed among the deserters from the ship Dragon who were allowed until 20 July 1779 to return without punishment according to the 3 July 1779 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Dixon's edition, p. 3, col. 2].

 

"Captain" Starlins was a pilot, a slave and native African [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

Dempsey Stewart on DAR list should be Brunswick County--not Northumberland.

 

Samuel Stewart was head of a Surry County, Virginia household of 6 "free colored" in 1830. He enlisted in the Revolution in Brunswick County, Virginia, in 1777 and was granted a pension while resident in Surry County, Virginia, in 1832. His widow Lucy received a grant for 160 acres in 1855 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44].

 

Nathan Tanner was a soldier from Bedford County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44].

 

Elijah Smith was bound apprentice to Benjamin Britt by the churchwardens of St. Brides Parish in Norfolk County on 19 February 1767 [Orders 1766-68, 73]. He was described as a "Black Indian" who was a substitute from Norfolk County in a register of soldiers who enlisted in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154]. He was taxable in St. Bride's Parish, Norfolk County, from 1788 to 1794 and was included in the "List of Free Negroes and Mulattoes" from 1801 to 1814 [PPTL, 1782-1791, frame 614; 1791-1812, frames 11, 127, 400, 456, 548; 1813-24, frame 67]. He was head of a Norfolk County household of 7 "other free" in 1810 [VA:793], perhaps the same Elijah Smith who was counted as a "Free Black" head of a household of 8 "other free" in 1810 in neighboring Princess Anne County [VA:475]. He registered in Norfolk County on 19 June 1815: 5 feet 6 1/4 inches of a light complexion...Born free (no age noted) [Register of Free Negroes, 1809-52, no.99].

 

James Smith was a man of color born in Prince George County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution from Bedford County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Joseph Smith was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Dinwiddie County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Lewis Smith was a man of color born in Prince George County who was living in Dinwiddie County when he enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution [National Archives pension file S6112 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

William Smothers was a man of color born in Albemarle County, Virginia, who enlisted in the Revolution from Powhatan County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154]. He was taxable in Powhatan County from 1793 to 1804, called a "M^o" in 1793 and 1803 [PPTL, 1787-1825, frames 98, 123, 111, 138, 170, 193, 230, 266, 282].

 

Edward Sorrell was seventy-nine years old when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension in Northumberland County court on 14 August 1832 [M804-2246, frame 0911]. He was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 10 "other free" in 1810 [VA:996]. His widow Dorcas moved to Baltimore about 1846 where she applied for and received a survivor's pension on 21 November 1853 [M804-2246, frame 0927].

 

James Sorrell was head of a Northumberland County household of 6 "Black" persons in 1782 [VA:37] and was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [VA:996]. During the Revolution he served as a gunner's mate aboard the Hero and the Larter [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

Thomas Sorrell was listed among the "Free Molattoes" living on Thomas Rowand's land in Westmoreland County in 1801 with his wife Elizabeth and children William and Libby Sorrell [Virginia Genealogist 31:41]. He was a sixty-two-year-old resident of Westmoreland County living with his forty-five-year-old wife and eleven-year-old daughter in 1820 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension [M804-2246, frame 0992].

 

Isaac Stephens served as a Northumberland County soldier in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

Simon and Stephen Stephens were seaman aboard the Accomac. Simon served as a cook and Stephen as regular seaman. In 1832 their heirs made unsuccessful attempts to obtain pensions [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 43].

 

Jesse Tate was a seaman in the Revolution aboard the Dragon from 1777 to 1779 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44] and head of a Richmond County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [VA:395].

 

Jacob Teague was a resident of Accomack County who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44]. He was head of an Accomack County household of 7 "other free" in St. George's Parish in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 2:164] and 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:65].

 

Buckner Thomas was a man of color from Dinwiddie County who served in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

James Thomas enlisted in Norfolk County and served for three years as a seaman in the Revolution. James Barron, Jr., later a commodore in the U.S. Navy, described him as: a fellow of daring and though a man of color was respected by all the officers who served with him. In 1813 Nancy Bell, his sole heir, received two land warrants of 1,333 acres each for his services [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44].

 

John Thomas was a "yellow" complexioned man born in Prince George County who was living in Caroline County when he was listed in a register of soldiers who enlisted in the Revolution [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Jack Thomas served in the Revolution from Northampton County, Virginia [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44].

 

Spencer Thomas was a soldier in the Revolution from Charles City. He was allowed a pension in 1818 [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 44]. He registered in the District of Columbia Court in Alexandria on 1 April 1803: a yellow man about 53 years of age was free born in the family of the grandfather of the deponent and that he served in Northumberland County until he became thirty-one years of age. William Lewis, Justice of the Peace [Arlington County Register of Free Negroes, 1797-1861, p. 4]. He was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 7 "other free" in 1810 [VA:996].

 

William Thomas was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Charles City County listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted at Chesterfield Courthouse [The Chesterfield Supplement; National Archives pension file S38435 cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154]. He was taxable in Upper Westover Precinct of Charles City County in 1784, taxable on 2 horses from 1788 to 1793, a "Mulattoe" taxable in 1813 and 1814 [PPTL, 1788-1814] and head of a household of 4 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:11].

 

George Tyler registered as a free Negro in Goochland County on 16 December 1814: a free man of color about Sixty years old, about five feet six inches high, yellow complexion, short curled hair intermixed with grey...free born [Register of Free Negroes, p.84, no.159]. He was about sixty-one years old on 20 July 1818 when he applied for a pension in Goochland County for eighteen months service in 1781, stating that he was farming on rented land with his 100 year-old wife Nancy Cooper [M804-2432, frame 0669]. He was a "yellow" complexioned soldier who was born in Louisa County, lived in Goochland County, and was listed in the size roll of troops who joined at Chesterfield Courthouse after 1 September 1780 [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Anthony Valentine was a thirty-three-year- old "Black" complexioned soldier who was born in Charles City County and residing there when he was listed in the size roll of troops who enlisted after 1 September 1780 [The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154; Virginia Genealogical Society Bulletin 6:76].

 

Charles Valentine was listed in a 13 March 1779 offer of a reward in the Virginia Gazette for deserters from the infantry of the Virginia State Garrison Regiment stationed near Williamsburg. The advertisement described him as: a mulatto, born in Surry County, Virginia, 28 years old, 5 feet 9 inches high, well made [Dixon's edition, p. 2, col. 2]. He enlisted in Chesterfield County and was living in Sussex County after 1 September 1780 [Virginia Genealogical Society Bulletin, 6:58 (Chesterfield Supplement at Va. Lib.]. He was head of a Brunswick County, Virginia household of a "free colored" man over forty-five years of age in 1820 [VA:672].

 

Edward Valentine was living in Dinwiddie County when he applied for a pension for Revolutionary War service [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 45].

 

Isham Valentine was mentioned in William Cabell's Commonplace Book (of Amherst and Buckingham Counties) on 9 March 1780: Sent by Isham Valentine a free Negro, 1 pr. Silver mounted Pistols and Bullet Moulds to Col. Sam. J. Cabell. Also all his Clothes, etc., Consisting of one Blue Broad Cloth Coat, one white ditto Vest & Pr. Breeches with Silver oval buttons, 1 pr. mosquito Curtains Seven shirts 5 of which ruffled at the Hands, 1 pr. Sheets, 2 Towels [McLeRoy, Strangers in Their Midst, 210]. He was living in Dinwiddie County when he applied for a pension for Revolutionary War service [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 45].

 

Sam Valentine, a taxable in Wm Totty's Dinwiddie County household in 1792 [PPTL, 1782-90 (1792 A, p.16)], was a "Black" complexioned soldier who was enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution from Dinwiddie County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Benjmain Viers was a "free coloured man" who enlisted in Revolutionary War service in Henry County, Virginia, in October 1775. He married Betsy Long in Amherst County and lived there for five years before moving to Gallia County, Ohio, in September 1827 [M804-2459, frame 2].

 

Robert Walden was a "yellow" complexioned soldier from Dinwiddie County who enlisted as a substitute in the Revolution [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154],

 

James Wallace, born in New Kent County, made a declaration in James City County on 13 August 1832 to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolution. "Being a Coloured man," he acted as a cook for Colonel Porterfield and guarded prisoners. He enlisted in James City County and returned there after the war [M804-2479, frame 0558; The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154]. He was taxable in James City County from 1786 to 1813: listed as a "Mulatto" in 1805 and 1806, taxable on 2 tithables in 1806, 3 in 1809, 2 in 1810, taxable on 2 tithables and a "free person of colour" (probably his wife) in 1813 [PPTL 1782-99; 1800-15].

 

Joseph Wallace was a man of color who served in the Revolution from Bedford County [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

Aaron Weaver was head of a Lancaster County household of 3 free persons and one slave in 1783 [VA:55]. He was a Lancaster County seaman in the Revolutionary War who made application for a pension while resident in Princess Anne County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 45]. He was a "F.B." head of a Princess Anne County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:479].

 

Elijah Weaver registered as a "free Negro" in Lancaster County on 18 July 1803: Age 66, Color dark ... born free. His wife Dorcas Weaver registered the same day: wf/o Elijah, Age 62, Color mulatto ... born free [Burkett, Lancaster County Register of Free Negroes, 1]. He was a Revolutionary War veteran who died intestate in Lancaster County before 15 September 1834 when his heirs were named in court. They were Spencer, Elijah², Mary Pinn, Agatha Bell, Betsy, and Polly, wife of Armstead Nicken [Orders 1834-41, p.37].

 

Elisha Weaver was as Seaman from Lancaster County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 45].

 

John Weaver registered as a "free Negro" in Lancaster County on 19 September 1808: Age 48, Color yellow, Height 5'3-1/4. His wife Dorcas, born about 1754, registered on 18 July 1803: wf/o John, Age 49, Color dark, Height 4'11, Served till 31 years of age [Burkett, Lancaster County Register of Free Negroes, 1]. He was a Revolutionary war veteran who died before 19 May 1834 when his only heir Betty Weaver was named in Lancaster County Court [Orders 1834-41, 7].

 

Henry Welch was a "yellow" complexioned soldier born in King George County, Virginia, who was living in Culpeper County between 1777 and 1783 when he enlisted in the Revolution as a substitute [NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154].

 

James West was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 10 "other free" in 1810. He was a soldier in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46].

Alexander West was a "Negro" who served in the Revolution from Middlesex County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46].

 

Alexander/ Sawney Whistler, born free in Middlesex County in 1762, was a man of dark complexion who served in the Revolution for three years and received a warrant for 200 acres which he assigned to Richard Smith on 30 July 179_. He served in the Revolution from Middlesex County as a substitute [M804-2549, frame 0028; NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46]. He was a "Black" taxable in the lower district of King and Queen County in 1801 [PPTL, 1782-1803]. He registered in Middlesex County on 26 June 1805: born free; 40 years of age; Black complexion [Register of Free Negroes 1800-60, p.15].

 

Edward Wilkerson was a soldier from Chesterfield County [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46].

 

Matthew Williams registered in Southampton County on 12 July 1810: age 55, Blk, 5 feet 7-1/2 inches, free born. He was called a "free person of colour" on 16 November 1818 when he made a declaration in Southampton County court setting forth that he was a soldier in the Revolutionary War by voluntary enlistment [Minutes 1816-9, unpaged].

 

Jesse Wood, born about 1760 in Hanover County, was a "yellow" complexioned soldier who enlisted for three years service in the Revolutionary War while resident in King William County in 1778. He lived in Fluvanna County for more than fifty years [National Archives pension file S7962; The Chesterfield Supplement cited by NSDAR, African American Patriots, 154; Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 45]. He was a "Mulatto" taxable in the upper district of Goochland County from 1804 to 1813: a groom at George Holman's in 1804, a farmer on David Ross's land in 1810, charged with Jack Wood's tithe in 1812, a carpenter at James Cockran's in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-1809, frames 698; 1810-32, frames 20, 88, 112, 177]. He was head of a Goochland County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:722].

 

Philip Wood was a seaman from Lancaster County who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46].

 

Thomas Wood was a seaman from Lancaster County who served in the Revolution [Jackson, Virginia Negro Soldiers, 46]. He and Abel Spriggs were "mulattoes" listed among the deserters from the ship Dragon who were allowed until 20 July 1779 to return without punishment according to the 3 July 1779 issue of the Virginia Gazette [Dixon's edition, p. 3, col. 2].

NORTH CAROLINA

Josiah Abshier was head of an Anson County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [NC:57] and 3 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:12]. He was a corporal who received a pension of $345.97 [Crow, Black Experience, 97].

 

Caleb Archer was head of a Hertford County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:26] and 9 in 1800 in Captain Lewis' District. He was allowed 26 pounds pay for service in the Revolution from 10 November 1777 to 10 August 1778 [Haun, Revolutionary Army Accounts, vol.II, Book 2, 280]. On 7 June 1792 he appointed James Carraway of Cumberland County his attorney to receive his payment for services in the Continental line in 1778 and 1779 [NCGSJ VIII:98].

 

Evans Archer was head of a Hertford County household of 3 "other free" in 1790 [NC:25], 3 in 1800, and 3 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:186]. He was sixty-nine years old on 27 September 1823 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension in Hertford County Court, stating that he enlisted in Portsmouth, Virginia, for eighteen months until January 1782 [M805-25, frame 0001]. In 1835 he was listed as a Revolutionary War pensioner in a report to Congress [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XXII:571].

 

Archibald Artis died before November 1782 when Stephen Powell was granted administration of his estate in Johnston County, North Carolina Court on a bond of 200 pounds. The account of sales of the estate totalled a little over 43 pounds [Haun, Johnston County Court Minutes, III:232]. He was mentioned in the Revolutionary War pension application of Holiday Haithcock which had a testimonial by William Bryan, a Justice of the Peace:

 

 

... that in the times of our Revolutionary War free negroes and mulattoes mustered in the ranks with white men in said State ..This affiant has frequently mustered in company with said free negroes and mulattoes ...That class of persons were equally liable to draft - and frequently volunteered in the public Service. This affiant was in the army a short time at Wilmington at the time Craig was near that place and remembers that one mulatto was in his company as a common soldier whose name Archibald Artis - Sworn to and subscribed this 21 day November 1834.

 

John Artis enlisted in 1781 in Abraham Shepard's Tenth Regiment, Colonel Hall's Company. He left the service on 1 November 1782 [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, 17:190, 16:1007, 15:609].

 

James Baltrip was a Continental soldier from Bute County who enlisted on 3 September 1778: 5 feet 4" high, 20 years old, dark hair, dark eyes [NCAr:Troop Returns by NCGSJ XV:109].

 

William Barber, born on 17 May 1745 in Dinwiddie County, was living in Surry County, North Carolina, on 2 January 1833 when he made a declaration in court to obtain a Revolutionary War pension. He stated that he was living in Halifax County, Virginia, when called into the service and moved to Surry County about 1805 [M805-48]. He was head of a Surry County, North Carolina household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [NC:697] and 6 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:670].

 

Samuel Bell was living in Sampson County, North Carolina, in February 1782 when he volunteered in Captain Coleman's Company under Major Griffith McRae and Colonel Lytle. He marched to Wilmington, to Georgetown, and to Charleston, but was never in any engagement. After the war, he lived in Sampson County until about 1807 when he moved to Robeson County where he applied for and was granted a pension on 31 August 1832 [M804-0207, frame 0489]. He was head of a Sampson County household of 10 "other free" in 1790, 15 in 1800 [NC:509], 5 in Robeson County in 1810 [NC:234], and 2 "free colored" in Robeson County in 1820 [NC:309].

 

Edmund Bibby was listed among the Continental soldiers from Bute County who enlisted for nine months on 3 September 1778: Edmon Bibby, Place of Abode Bute County, born N.C., 5'4", 20 years old, Dark Fair, Dark Eyes [NCAr:Troop Returns, Box 4, by NCGSJ XV:109]. He was the son of a "Mulatto" woman named Mary Bibby [Chamberlayne, Register of Bristol Parish, 36; CR 44.701.19; CR 015.70001; Bute County WB A:218, 226, 227, 232, 233].

 

Martin Black enlisted for three years in Stevenson's Company of the North Carolina Continental Line on 16 May 1777. He was in Valley Forge and West Point and reenlisted for eighteen months in Evans Company in 1782 [M805-92, frame 0147]. He was head of a Carteret County household of 2 "other free" in 1790 [NC:128] and an Onslow County household of 4 "other free" in 1800 [NC:143].

 

Benjamin Blango was a soldier from Beaufort County whose estate was administered before June 1792 by Sarah Blango [NCGSJ XVIII:72].

 

John Braveboy was a "Black" tithable in Tyrrell County in 1755 [T.O. 105, box 1], head of a Beaufort County household of 1 "other free" and 6 slaves in 1790 [NC:127], 1 "other free" in 1800 [NC:4], and 1 in 1810 [NC:116]. He volunteered as a soldier in Carteret County in 1778 [The North Carolinian VI:728]. He enlisted on 27 August 1778 for three years in Captain Ballard's Company in the North Carolina Continental Line but was listed as a deserter a little over a year later on 29 October 1779 [Clark, State Records, XVI:1020].

 

Jacob Braveboy was called a "bastard Mulattoe aged about 15" by the May 1774 Bertie County court when it ordered him bound as an apprentice bricklayer [Haun, Bertie County Court Minutes, IV:74]. He enlisted for two and one-half years as a private in Fifth Regiment, William's Company of the N.C. Continental Line on 9 May 1776 and was discharged 10 November 1778 [N.C. Historical & Genealogical Register, II:181]. He was head of a Martin County household of 3 free males and 3 free females in William Barden's District no. 5 for the state census in 1787 and head of a Martin County household of 10 "other free" in 1800 [NC:387].

 

John Brooks was a Revolutionary War pensioner from North Carolina [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XXII:571]. He was head of a Robeson County household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:367] and 7 in 1810 [NC:147]. He claimed to be ninety-five or ninety-six years old on 30 May 1853 when he applied for a pension for service in the Revolution and was still living in Robeson County on 22 March 1858 when he applied for (and received) bounty land [Pension File S-6732].

 

David Burnett, a "man of color," served as a soldier in Blount's Company [Crow, Black Experience in Revolutionary North Carolina, 98]. He enlisted on 2 April 1776 but was omitted from Blount's Company in 1778 [N.C. Historical & Genealogical Register II:181]. He died without heirs and his land warrant was escheated.

 

William Burnett was head of a Dobbs County, North Carolina hou